Reasonably determining the size of the forging ratio is one of the important factors to ensure the ideal forging effect and obtain high-quality forgings.
The forging ratio of the forging is selected after comprehensively considering factors such as the chemical composition of the raw materials, the force of the parts in the working state, and the size of the steel ingot used. Generally, alloy structural steel ingots have more serious casting defects than carbon structural steel ingots, and the required forging ratio should be larger.
For example, when drawing ingots of more than 5 tons, 15 tons, and 30 tons, the optimal forging ratio of carbon structural steel forgings is 2, 2.5, and 3, while the optimal forging ratio of alloy structural steel forgings is 3~ 4. For high-carbon alloy tool steel, in order to destroy its primary as-cast structure and network carbide, the upsetting-drawing compound process should be implemented, and the total forging ratio should be selected from 4 to 6. For shaft parts.
when the longitudinal direction is the main stress direction, the forging ratio should be 2.5~3.0 or more; when the lateral direction is the main stress direction, in order to ensure the lateral performance and avoid anisotropy, The drawing and forging ratio should not exceed 3.0.
The greater the ingot weight, the greater the required forging ratio.
