The shape and structure of the die forging is an important basis for formulating the die forging process plan. For forgings with similar shapes, the die forging process and the structure of the forging die used are basically the same. Therefore, various shapes of die forgings are classified to facilitate the design of forgings and dies. The commonly used classification methods are divided according to the shape of the forging and the axis direction of the blank during die forging.
Generally, the die forgings can be divided into two categories. The first category is the round cake forgings such as simple round cake forgings, more complex pieces, and thin-walled deep hole complex circles. Pie forgings. Class II is long shaft forgings such as bent shafts, branch shafts, and forks.
Round cake forgings include gears, flanges, cross shafts, universal joint forks, etc., which are characterized by:
1. The size of the main axis of the forging is smaller than or close to the size of the other two directions.
2. The hammering direction of the main deformation step is parallel to the main axis direction.
3. During die forging, the metal deforms and flows in three directions of height, width and length at the same time, which belongs to volume deformation.
Long shaft forgings include the main shaft, gear shaft, transmission shaft, locomotive shaft, eccentric shaft, etc.; rods such as connecting rods and tension bolts with square, rectangular, arc, I-shaped cross-sections, etc., are characterized by:
1. The size of the main axis of the forging is larger than the size of the other two directions.
2. The hammering direction of the main deformation step is perpendicular to the main axis.
3. In the die cavity, the deformation flow in the direction of the length (main axis) of the deformed metal is very small, which can be approximately regarded as plane deformation.
